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East Asia · Empire, war and the modern states

Chinese Communist areas

1931–1937

The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR; 1931–1937) was the state proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Mao Zedong and Zhu De during the Chinese Civil War, its government seated at Ruijin in the Jiangxi Soviet (the largest of scattered "base areas," spanning a claimed 18 provinces and 4 counties). Mao was chairman of the provisional central government (with Xiang Ying and Zhang Guotao as vice-chairmen; Zhu De chaired the Military Commission).

Existed
1931–1937
Shown on the map
1932–1949
Peak area
2.8M km²
Region
East Asia

Overview

The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR; 1931–1937) was the state proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Mao Zedong and Zhu De during the Chinese Civil War, its government seated at Ruijin in the Jiangxi Soviet (the largest of scattered "base areas," spanning a claimed 18 provinces and 4 counties). Mao was chairman of the provisional central government (with Xiang Ying and Zhang Guotao as vice-chairmen; Zhu De chaired the Military Commission). It trialed peasant-based socialism, land redistribution, and Red Army building, but also purges. Under Chiang's Encirclement Campaigns, the Communists were forced out; the fall of Ruijin (10 November 1934) followed the start of the Long March (October 1934). Relocated to Shaanxi (Bao'an, then Yan'an), the CSR was formally dissolved on 22 September 1937 as the CCP formed the Second United Front against Japan.

Common questions

What were the Chinese Communist areas?
The Chinese Soviet Republic (CSR; 1931–1937) was the state proclaimed on 7 November 1931 by Mao Zedong and Zhu De during the Chinese Civil War, its government seated at Ruijin in the Jiangxi Soviet (the largest of scattered "base areas," spanning a claimed 18 provinces and 4 counties). Mao was chairman of the provisional central government (with Xiang Ying and Zhang Guotao as vice-chairmen; Zhu De chaired the Military Commission).
When did the Chinese Communist areas exist?
The Chinese Communist areas existed 1931–1937. On this map they are drawn 1932–1949.
How large were the Chinese Communist areas?
At their greatest extent drawn on this map, the Chinese Communist areas covered about 2.8 million km². That is the largest area the border data gives them across the years they are drawn, not necessarily their greatest extent in history.

Sources

This compendium cites its sources once for the whole document rather than per territory. Its bibliography names the English Wikipedia article for each polity as the basis of these profiles, supplemented by Encyclopaedia Britannica, chinaknowledge.de, the World History Encyclopedia, museum and university sources, and the academic works it lists. The article this entry is anchored on:

This entry was last updated .

This entry was researched and drafted with AI from the sources above, and has not been reviewed by a historian. How entries are made

Text available under CC BY-SA 4.0: reuse it with a credit to The World Through Time and a link to this page. Passages drawing on the Wikipedia articles listed above are also licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by their contributors.

Border geometry for the map itself comes from Cliopatria v0.12 (Seshat Global History Databank, CC-BY-4.0).

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