Category
Peoples & Migrations
Who moved where, who became whom, and how migrating peoples founded, reshaped or vanished into the states on the map.
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Peoples & Migrations · Rus'
Gnezdovo: Viking Graves on the Dnieper
Gnezdovo near Smolensk was the largest Viking-Age site in Rus'. Its thousands of burial mounds, chamber graves, swords, hoards and oldest Rus' inscription.
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Peoples & Migrations · Abbasid Caliphate
Holmgard: Novgorod and Rurik's Hillfort in the Viking Age
Holmgard (Holmgarðr) was the Norse name for Novgorod, and first for the island hillfort beside it. What the excavations, runestones and sagas reveal.
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Trade & Travel · Viking settlements
Viking Trade Routes to the East: The Volga and the Dnieper
How Viking traders reached Constantinople and Baghdad: the Volga and Dnieper routes, their portages and rapids, and the furs, slaves and silver they carried.
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Peoples & Migrations · Viking settlements
Staraya Ladoga: The First Viking Town in the East
Staraya Ladoga, the Norse Aldeigjuborg: its smithy of 753, eleven building levels, runes, boat graves, sagas and the "first capital of Russia" claim.
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War & Warriors · Byzantine Empire
The Varangian Guard: The Viking and English Axemen Who Guarded Byzantium
Who were the Varangian Guard? Discover how Viking and English axemen guarded Byzantine emperors from AD 988 to c. 1400, what they earned and how it ended.
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Peoples & Migrations · Viking settlements
Who Were the Varangians? Vikings of the Eastern Rivers, Rus' and Byzantium
Who were the Varangians? The Vikings in Russia and Ukraine: Scandinavian traders, warriors and princes on the river roads to Byzantium and Baghdad.