Europe · The early medieval west
Kingdom of Hungary
1000–1946
1000–1946 (medieval kingdom to Mohács 1526). Stephen I (Szent István) was crowned around Christmas 1000 (25 December 1000 or 1 January 1001) at Esztergom with a crown associated with Pope Sylvester II and the consent of Emperor Otto III, founding the Christian kingdom.
- Existed
- 1000–1946
- Shown on the map
- 1000–1449, 1459–1546 (2 periods)
- Peak area
- 461k km²
- Region
- Europe
Overview
1000–1946 (medieval kingdom to Mohács 1526). Stephen I (Szent István) was crowned around Christmas 1000 (25 December 1000 or 1 January 1001) at Esztergom with a crown associated with Pope Sylvester II and the consent of Emperor Otto III, founding the Christian kingdom. The Golden Bull of 1222 (24 April 1222, Andrew II) limited royal power and guaranteed noble rights — a Hungarian analogue to Magna Carta. The Mongol invasion of 1241 brought catastrophe at the Battle of Muhi (11 April 1241), where Béla IV's army was destroyed; Béla rebuilt the kingdom with stone castles and is called its "second founder." After the Árpáds died out (1301) the Angevins (Charles I and Louis I the Great) restored royal power. Matthias Corvinus (r. 1458–1490) built a Renaissance court and the Black Army, briefly took Vienna, and was the first non-dynastic king; the victory at Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade) in 1456 had stabilized the southern frontier. The Battle of Mohács (29 August 1526) killed King Louis II and shattered the kingdom, leading to the tripartite division: Royal (Habsburg) Hungary, Ottoman Hungary (Buda occupied 1541), and the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom/Transylvania.
Institutions
the Diet (parliament, from the 1290s), the office of Palatine (nádor), and the counties (megye) with their nobiliary self-government.
Common questions
- What was the Kingdom of Hungary?
- 1000–1946 (medieval kingdom to Mohács 1526). Stephen I (Szent István) was crowned around Christmas 1000 (25 December 1000 or 1 January 1001) at Esztergom with a crown associated with Pope Sylvester II and the consent of Emperor Otto III, founding the Christian kingdom.
- When did the Kingdom of Hungary exist?
- The Kingdom of Hungary existed 1000–1946. On this map it is drawn 1000–1449, 1459–1546.
- How large was the Kingdom of Hungary?
- At its greatest extent drawn on this map, the Kingdom of Hungary covered about 461,000 km². That is the largest area the border data gives it across the years it is drawn, not necessarily its greatest extent in history.
Sources
This compendium cites its sources once for the whole document rather than per territory. Its bibliography names the English Wikipedia articles for each territory as the primary basis, with Encyclopædia Britannica, the World History Encyclopedia, academic works (John Fine on the Balkans, Halperin and Martin on Muscovy, Rady and Veszprémy on Hungary) and, for a few entries, the medieval Livonian Chronicle of Henry itself. The article this entry is anchored on:
- Wikipedia — Kingdom of Hungary en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary
This entry was last updated .
This entry was researched and drafted with AI from the sources above, and has not been reviewed by a historian. How entries are made
Text available under CC BY-SA 4.0: reuse it with a credit to The World Through Time and a link to this page. Passages drawing on the Wikipedia articles listed above are also licensed CC BY-SA 4.0 by their contributors.
Border geometry for the map itself comes from Cliopatria v0.12 (Seshat Global History Databank, CC-BY-4.0).
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